2015 Vol. 42 No. 02
2015, 42(02): 103-107.
DOI: 10.3971/j.issn.1000-8578.2015.02.001
Abstract：
Objective To investigate the clonal growth behavior and analyze the proliferation characteristics of cancer cells. Methods Human breast cancer cell line MCF-7, human colorectal cancer cell line SW480 and human gastric cancer cell line SGC7901 were selected to investigate the morphological features of cell clone. Quantum dots-based molecular targeting imaging techniques were applied to mark the cytoplasm by quantum dots as green, and cell nucleus Ki67 as yellow or red, to investigate the clone formation rate, cell morphology, dispersion and the expression and distribution of Ki67 in cancer cells. Results From the cell clone formation assay, MCF-7, SW480 and SGC7901 cells formed clones on d6, d8 and d12 of cell culture period, respectively. All of these three types of cells had obvious atypia of morphological features, large nuclear-cytoplasm ratios, and conspicuous irregular mitotic figures. The cells around the clones formed multiple pseudopodium. And in part of the above clones, cancer cells at the borderline were separated from the central cell clusters or presented dispersion. With quantum dots-based molecular targeting imaging techniques, the cells with strong Ki67 expression were mainly distributed around the clones, or concentrated on one side of the clones. Conclusion Ki67 is widely expressed in MCF-7, SW480 and SGC7901 cell clones, with strong expression around the clones, or concentrated on one side. And cancer cell clones present obviously asymmetric growth behavior.
Objective To investigate the clonal growth behavior and analyze the proliferation characteristics of cancer cells. Methods Human breast cancer cell line MCF-7, human colorectal cancer cell line SW480 and human gastric cancer cell line SGC7901 were selected to investigate the morphological features of cell clone. Quantum dots-based molecular targeting imaging techniques were applied to mark the cytoplasm by quantum dots as green, and cell nucleus Ki67 as yellow or red, to investigate the clone formation rate, cell morphology, dispersion and the expression and distribution of Ki67 in cancer cells. Results From the cell clone formation assay, MCF-7, SW480 and SGC7901 cells formed clones on d6, d8 and d12 of cell culture period, respectively. All of these three types of cells had obvious atypia of morphological features, large nuclear-cytoplasm ratios, and conspicuous irregular mitotic figures. The cells around the clones formed multiple pseudopodium. And in part of the above clones, cancer cells at the borderline were separated from the central cell clusters or presented dispersion. With quantum dots-based molecular targeting imaging techniques, the cells with strong Ki67 expression were mainly distributed around the clones, or concentrated on one side of the clones. Conclusion Ki67 is widely expressed in MCF-7, SW480 and SGC7901 cell clones, with strong expression around the clones, or concentrated on one side. And cancer cell clones present obviously asymmetric growth behavior.
2015, 42(02): 108-112.
DOI: 10.3971/j.issn.1000-8578.2015.02.002
Abstract：
Objective To investigate the effect of microRNA-7 overexpression on the apoptosis of human lung cancer cell line 95D in vitro and in vivo. Methods Eukaryotic expression vector encoding miR-7 (termed as p-miR-7) was transiently transfected into human lung cancer cell line 95D. TUNEL method was conducted to observe cell apoptosis. The phosphorylation of Caspase3 and Caspase9 protein were detected by immunofluorescence technology. Plasmid p-miR-7 was locally injected into tumor mass in nude mice model bearing human lung cancer cell line 95D. Then, cell apoptosis was detected by Hematoxylin and eosin staining and TUNEL method, respectively. Moreover, phosphorylation levels of Caspase3 and Caspase9 protein were determined by immunohistochemistry assay. Results miR-7 overexpression could lead to the apoptosis of lung cancer cells in vitro (P<0.05), accompanied by the increased phosphorylation levels of Caspase3 and Caspase9 proteins(P<0.05). After local injection of p-miR-7, both the expression level of miR-7 and the apoptosis of tumor cells were increased significantly(P<0.05). Moreover, phosphorylation levels of Caspase3 and Caspase9 protein were increased obviously(P<0.05). Conclusion miR-7 overexpression could lead to tumor cell apoptosis in vitro and in vivo, which is associated with increased phosphorylation levels of apoptosis related proteins Caspase3 and Caspase9.
Objective To investigate the effect of microRNA-7 overexpression on the apoptosis of human lung cancer cell line 95D in vitro and in vivo. Methods Eukaryotic expression vector encoding miR-7 (termed as p-miR-7) was transiently transfected into human lung cancer cell line 95D. TUNEL method was conducted to observe cell apoptosis. The phosphorylation of Caspase3 and Caspase9 protein were detected by immunofluorescence technology. Plasmid p-miR-7 was locally injected into tumor mass in nude mice model bearing human lung cancer cell line 95D. Then, cell apoptosis was detected by Hematoxylin and eosin staining and TUNEL method, respectively. Moreover, phosphorylation levels of Caspase3 and Caspase9 protein were determined by immunohistochemistry assay. Results miR-7 overexpression could lead to the apoptosis of lung cancer cells in vitro (P<0.05), accompanied by the increased phosphorylation levels of Caspase3 and Caspase9 proteins(P<0.05). After local injection of p-miR-7, both the expression level of miR-7 and the apoptosis of tumor cells were increased significantly(P<0.05). Moreover, phosphorylation levels of Caspase3 and Caspase9 protein were increased obviously(P<0.05). Conclusion miR-7 overexpression could lead to tumor cell apoptosis in vitro and in vivo, which is associated with increased phosphorylation levels of apoptosis related proteins Caspase3 and Caspase9.
2015, 42(02): 113-116.
DOI: 10.3971/j.issn.1000-8578.2015.02.003
Abstract：
Objective To investigate the effect of Iodination-125 on vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) expression in breast cancer cells and the mechanism of Iodination-125 inhibiting the proliferation of tumor cells. Methods The animal models of breast cancer cell line MCF-7 were established by subcutaneously injecting the tumor cells into nude mice. The mice were divided into eight groups randomly and there were six nude mice in each group. The control groups contained C7, C14, C21 and C28 groups; the experimental groups contained T7, T14, T21 and T28 groups. No-load seeds(0Bq) were implanted into the control groups; Iodine-125 seeds（14.8MBq）were implanted into the experimental groups. The size of tumors was measured every two days and their volumes then were calculated. Anatomy analysis was done separately after 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of Iodine-125 seeds implantation; the mRNA and protein expression of VEGF were measured by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. Results After Iodine-125 seeds were implanted, the tumors in the experimental groups grew slowly, and the tumor inhibitory rate was 55.27%. After 28 days of Iodine-125 seeds implantation, the mRNA and protein expression levels of VEGF in tumors were significantly decreased in the experimental groups, compared with the control groups (P ＜0.01). Conclusion One of the important molecular biological mechanisms of Iodine-125 seeds inhibiting the proliferation of breast cancer cells is Iodine-125 seeds suppressing VEGF expression in tumor cells.
Objective To investigate the effect of Iodination-125 on vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) expression in breast cancer cells and the mechanism of Iodination-125 inhibiting the proliferation of tumor cells. Methods The animal models of breast cancer cell line MCF-7 were established by subcutaneously injecting the tumor cells into nude mice. The mice were divided into eight groups randomly and there were six nude mice in each group. The control groups contained C7, C14, C21 and C28 groups; the experimental groups contained T7, T14, T21 and T28 groups. No-load seeds(0Bq) were implanted into the control groups; Iodine-125 seeds（14.8MBq）were implanted into the experimental groups. The size of tumors was measured every two days and their volumes then were calculated. Anatomy analysis was done separately after 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of Iodine-125 seeds implantation; the mRNA and protein expression of VEGF were measured by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. Results After Iodine-125 seeds were implanted, the tumors in the experimental groups grew slowly, and the tumor inhibitory rate was 55.27%. After 28 days of Iodine-125 seeds implantation, the mRNA and protein expression levels of VEGF in tumors were significantly decreased in the experimental groups, compared with the control groups (P ＜0.01). Conclusion One of the important molecular biological mechanisms of Iodine-125 seeds inhibiting the proliferation of breast cancer cells is Iodine-125 seeds suppressing VEGF expression in tumor cells.
2015, 42(02): 117-120.
DOI: 10.3971/j.issn.1000-8578.2015.02.004
Abstract：
Objective To investigate the expression level and role of Krüpple-like factor 4 (KLF4) in tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) stimulated breast cancer cells SK-BR-3, and to identify the related mechanism. Methods Breast cancer cells SK-BR-3 were stimulated by TNFα at different concentrations (0, 1, 5, 10, 20 ng/mL) for 24 h. Adenovirus expression vectors of pAd-GFP and pAd-GFP-KLF4 were constructed and used to infect breast cancer cells SK-BR-3.Western blot was performed to detect KLF4 expression level. Flow cytometry and DAPI staining were used to investigate cell apoptosis. Results KLF4 expression levels were increased significantly in TNFα-stimulated breast cancer cells SK-BR-3 with more TNFα concentration. Flow cytometry and DAPI staining results showed that TNFα induced SK-BR-3 apoptosis. Flow cytometry results showed KLF4 overexpression promoted the apoptosis of TNFα-stimulated breast cancer cells SK-BR-3. Conclusion TNFα could induce KLF4 expression in breast cancer cells SK-BR-3, and KLF4 participates in cell apoptosis of TNFα-induced breast cancer cells SK-BR-3.
Objective To investigate the expression level and role of Krüpple-like factor 4 (KLF4) in tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) stimulated breast cancer cells SK-BR-3, and to identify the related mechanism. Methods Breast cancer cells SK-BR-3 were stimulated by TNFα at different concentrations (0, 1, 5, 10, 20 ng/mL) for 24 h. Adenovirus expression vectors of pAd-GFP and pAd-GFP-KLF4 were constructed and used to infect breast cancer cells SK-BR-3.Western blot was performed to detect KLF4 expression level. Flow cytometry and DAPI staining were used to investigate cell apoptosis. Results KLF4 expression levels were increased significantly in TNFα-stimulated breast cancer cells SK-BR-3 with more TNFα concentration. Flow cytometry and DAPI staining results showed that TNFα induced SK-BR-3 apoptosis. Flow cytometry results showed KLF4 overexpression promoted the apoptosis of TNFα-stimulated breast cancer cells SK-BR-3. Conclusion TNFα could induce KLF4 expression in breast cancer cells SK-BR-3, and KLF4 participates in cell apoptosis of TNFα-induced breast cancer cells SK-BR-3.
2015, 42(02): 121-125.
DOI: 10.3971/j.issn.1000-8578.2015.02.005
Abstract：
Objective To investigate the biological functions of miR-100 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC) cell. Methods miR-100 was cloned into a GFP expressing vector, which was further transfected into esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell line Ec-109 by Lilpofectamine, and GFP positive cells were then selected by flow cytometry. Cell cycle, apoptosis and migration were analyzed by flow cytometry, wound healing and Transwell assay, respectively, upon the expression of miR-100 in Ec-109 cells. Results The high expression of miR-100 could induce G1 arrest: the percentage of cells number were increased in the G1 phase, while cells in the S or G2/M were decreased. Under the serum free culture condition, the presence of miR-100 could enhance cell apoptosis and also suppress Ec-109 cells migration. Conclusion The exogenous expression of miR-100 exhibits a tumor suppressor role in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell line Ec-109, including inducing G1 arrest, suppressing cell migration and promoting cell apoptosis.
Objective To investigate the biological functions of miR-100 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC) cell. Methods miR-100 was cloned into a GFP expressing vector, which was further transfected into esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell line Ec-109 by Lilpofectamine, and GFP positive cells were then selected by flow cytometry. Cell cycle, apoptosis and migration were analyzed by flow cytometry, wound healing and Transwell assay, respectively, upon the expression of miR-100 in Ec-109 cells. Results The high expression of miR-100 could induce G1 arrest: the percentage of cells number were increased in the G1 phase, while cells in the S or G2/M were decreased. Under the serum free culture condition, the presence of miR-100 could enhance cell apoptosis and also suppress Ec-109 cells migration. Conclusion The exogenous expression of miR-100 exhibits a tumor suppressor role in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell line Ec-109, including inducing G1 arrest, suppressing cell migration and promoting cell apoptosis.
2015, 42(02): 126-129.
DOI: 10.3971/j.issn.1000-8578.2015.02.006
Abstract：
Objective To investigate the effects of stathmin silencing on the sensitivity of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC) cells to paclitaxel. Methods RT-PCR and Western blot were used to identify the effect of stathmin silencing on KYSE150 cells by small interfering RNA technology. The sensitivity of cells to paclitaxel was measured by CCK-8 assay. Flow cytometry assays were performed to detect the changes of cell cycle. Mitosis was detected by mitotic index assays. Results Both RT-PCR and Western blot indicted stathmin gene was completely silenced in pSilencer4.1-CMVneo-siRNA (pSC-siR) stathmin transfected KYSE150 cells. The sensitivity of pSC-siR stathmin transfected KYSE150 cells was increased 191.4-fold to paclitaxel. IC50 (50% inhibitory concentration) of paclitaxel in pSC-siR stathmin transfected and non transfected KYSE150 cells were 0.018 and 3.445 nM. After paclitaxel intervention at 0.0.1nM for 72h, flow cytometry showed knockdown of stathmin in KYSE150 cells led to cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase [(55.4±6.2)% vs. (19.1±2.7)%, P=0.000]. Moreover, mitotic index assay indicated the population of cells in mitosis was decreased significantly in pSC-siR stathmin transfected KYSE150 cells compared with untransfected KYSE150 cells [(5.6±0.8)% vs. (13.5±3.7)%, P=0.000)]. Conclusion stathmin silencing increases the sensitivity of esophageal squamous carcinoma cells to paclitaxel through G2/M phase block.
Objective To investigate the effects of stathmin silencing on the sensitivity of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC) cells to paclitaxel. Methods RT-PCR and Western blot were used to identify the effect of stathmin silencing on KYSE150 cells by small interfering RNA technology. The sensitivity of cells to paclitaxel was measured by CCK-8 assay. Flow cytometry assays were performed to detect the changes of cell cycle. Mitosis was detected by mitotic index assays. Results Both RT-PCR and Western blot indicted stathmin gene was completely silenced in pSilencer4.1-CMVneo-siRNA (pSC-siR) stathmin transfected KYSE150 cells. The sensitivity of pSC-siR stathmin transfected KYSE150 cells was increased 191.4-fold to paclitaxel. IC50 (50% inhibitory concentration) of paclitaxel in pSC-siR stathmin transfected and non transfected KYSE150 cells were 0.018 and 3.445 nM. After paclitaxel intervention at 0.0.1nM for 72h, flow cytometry showed knockdown of stathmin in KYSE150 cells led to cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase [(55.4±6.2)% vs. (19.1±2.7)%, P=0.000]. Moreover, mitotic index assay indicated the population of cells in mitosis was decreased significantly in pSC-siR stathmin transfected KYSE150 cells compared with untransfected KYSE150 cells [(5.6±0.8)% vs. (13.5±3.7)%, P=0.000)]. Conclusion stathmin silencing increases the sensitivity of esophageal squamous carcinoma cells to paclitaxel through G2/M phase block.
2015, 42(02): 130-135.
DOI: 10.3971/j.issn.1000-8578.2015.02.007
Abstract：
Objective To investigate the effect of transgiutaminase2(TG2) on hypoxia-induced apoptosis of osteosarcoma cell line MG-63 and the mechanism of TG2 inhibiting cell apoptosis by suppressing the release of Cytochrome C and regulating the expression and activity of Caspase-3. Methods The hypoxia culture model was established by a hypoxia incubator and divided into four groups, normoxia group, pure hypoxia group, control siRNA hypoxia group and TG2 siRNA hypoxia group. The expression of TG2, Cytochrome C and Caspase-3 as well as the apoptosis rate were observed at different hypoxia culture phases (6, 12, 24, 48, 72h). Microtiter plate assay was performed to monitor intracellular TG2 activity. Results Compared with normoxia group, the activity, mRNA level and protein expression of TG2 were increased remarkably with correspondence to the hypoxia time in the pure hypoxia group and control siRNA hypoxia group (P<0.01). But Caspase-3 activity didn't change significantly. Similarly, the protein expression level of Caspase-3 and Cytochrome C in cytosol, as well as the apoptosis rate were increased slightly. In the TG2 siRNA hypoxia group, Caspase-3 activity, Cytochrome C protein expression and cell apoptosis rate were increased obviously (P<0.01). Conclusion In the hypoxia condition, TG2 could inhibit the hypoxia-induced apoptosis through preventing Cytochrome C releasing into the cytosol and suppressing Caspase-3 activities.
Objective To investigate the effect of transgiutaminase2(TG2) on hypoxia-induced apoptosis of osteosarcoma cell line MG-63 and the mechanism of TG2 inhibiting cell apoptosis by suppressing the release of Cytochrome C and regulating the expression and activity of Caspase-3. Methods The hypoxia culture model was established by a hypoxia incubator and divided into four groups, normoxia group, pure hypoxia group, control siRNA hypoxia group and TG2 siRNA hypoxia group. The expression of TG2, Cytochrome C and Caspase-3 as well as the apoptosis rate were observed at different hypoxia culture phases (6, 12, 24, 48, 72h). Microtiter plate assay was performed to monitor intracellular TG2 activity. Results Compared with normoxia group, the activity, mRNA level and protein expression of TG2 were increased remarkably with correspondence to the hypoxia time in the pure hypoxia group and control siRNA hypoxia group (P<0.01). But Caspase-3 activity didn't change significantly. Similarly, the protein expression level of Caspase-3 and Cytochrome C in cytosol, as well as the apoptosis rate were increased slightly. In the TG2 siRNA hypoxia group, Caspase-3 activity, Cytochrome C protein expression and cell apoptosis rate were increased obviously (P<0.01). Conclusion In the hypoxia condition, TG2 could inhibit the hypoxia-induced apoptosis through preventing Cytochrome C releasing into the cytosol and suppressing Caspase-3 activities.
2015, 42(02): 136-141.
DOI: 10.3971/j.issn.1000-8578.2015.02.008
Abstract：
Objective To investigate the protective effect of grape seed proanthocyanidin extract(GSPE) on cisplatin(cDDP)-induced testicular toxicity in mouse testes sertoli cells TM4 and its possible mechanism. Methods GSPE and/or cDDP were administered to TM4 cells. The survival rate of the cells was evaluated by MTT assay. Malondialdehyde(MDA) content was measured by thiobarbituric acid way. Nitric oxide(NO) and nitricoxide synthase(NOS) content were detected by nitrate reductase way. Superoxide dismutase(SOD) content was examined by xanthine oxidase method. Glutathione(GSH) and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) content were determined by nitrobenzoic acid method. In addition, morphological changes of the cells were observed by microscopy. Results GSPE could significantly enhance the survival rate of TM4 cells, inhibit the toxic effect of cDDP on TM4 cells, and decrease the content of MDA, NO, NOS, while SOD, GSH, GSH-Px depletion were slowed. GSPE had a significant inhibitory effect to decrease the content of antioxidase and increase the level of lipid peroxide on cDDP-induced TM4 cells (P<0.01). Conclusion The cDDP-induced damage in intracellular findings of TM4 cells could be remarkably reversed by GSPE, which may be related with the antioxidant potential of GSPE.
Objective To investigate the protective effect of grape seed proanthocyanidin extract(GSPE) on cisplatin(cDDP)-induced testicular toxicity in mouse testes sertoli cells TM4 and its possible mechanism. Methods GSPE and/or cDDP were administered to TM4 cells. The survival rate of the cells was evaluated by MTT assay. Malondialdehyde(MDA) content was measured by thiobarbituric acid way. Nitric oxide(NO) and nitricoxide synthase(NOS) content were detected by nitrate reductase way. Superoxide dismutase(SOD) content was examined by xanthine oxidase method. Glutathione(GSH) and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) content were determined by nitrobenzoic acid method. In addition, morphological changes of the cells were observed by microscopy. Results GSPE could significantly enhance the survival rate of TM4 cells, inhibit the toxic effect of cDDP on TM4 cells, and decrease the content of MDA, NO, NOS, while SOD, GSH, GSH-Px depletion were slowed. GSPE had a significant inhibitory effect to decrease the content of antioxidase and increase the level of lipid peroxide on cDDP-induced TM4 cells (P<0.01). Conclusion The cDDP-induced damage in intracellular findings of TM4 cells could be remarkably reversed by GSPE, which may be related with the antioxidant potential of GSPE.
2015, 42(02): 142-144.
DOI: 10.3971/j.issn.1000-8578.2015.02.009
Abstract：
Objective To investigate the effect of Tetrandrine(TET) on the proliferation and apoptosis of prostate cancer cells PC3 and the possible mechanism. Methods PC3 cells were treated with different concentration of TET(0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10μg/ml). Trypan blue exclusion assay and MTT assay were used to detect the inhibition effect of TET on the proliferation of PC3. Cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry. Expression of caspase3 and PARP protein were detected by Western blot. Results The inhibition rate of PC3 cells after treated with 2 μg/ml TET for 24h was (20.96±1.72) %, and the inhibition effect was increased with the increase of TET concentration. The inhibition rate accounted for (89.23±4.12)% when treated with 10μg/ml TET for 24h. TET could also induce the apoptosis of PC3. There was obvious cleavage activation of Caspase-3 and deactivation of PARP after treated with TET. Conclusion TET could inhibit the growth of PC3 cells by inducing typical apoptosis. The mechanism may be related to the cleavage activation of Caspase-3 and deactivation of PARP.
Objective To investigate the effect of Tetrandrine(TET) on the proliferation and apoptosis of prostate cancer cells PC3 and the possible mechanism. Methods PC3 cells were treated with different concentration of TET(0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10μg/ml). Trypan blue exclusion assay and MTT assay were used to detect the inhibition effect of TET on the proliferation of PC3. Cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry. Expression of caspase3 and PARP protein were detected by Western blot. Results The inhibition rate of PC3 cells after treated with 2 μg/ml TET for 24h was (20.96±1.72) %, and the inhibition effect was increased with the increase of TET concentration. The inhibition rate accounted for (89.23±4.12)% when treated with 10μg/ml TET for 24h. TET could also induce the apoptosis of PC3. There was obvious cleavage activation of Caspase-3 and deactivation of PARP after treated with TET. Conclusion TET could inhibit the growth of PC3 cells by inducing typical apoptosis. The mechanism may be related to the cleavage activation of Caspase-3 and deactivation of PARP.
2015, 42(02): 145-149.
DOI: 10.3971/j.issn.1000-8578.2015.02.010
Abstract：
Objective To analyze the quality of life (QOL) of advanced breast cancer patients after receiving high-dose chemotherapy supported by autologous peripheral blood stem cells, and to provide evidence for selecting the effective intervening measure to improve QOL of patients. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 25 advanced breast cancer patients who were treated with high-dose chemotherapy supported by autologous peripheral blood stem cells and 22 patients who received conventional-dose therapy as the control group. SF-12, the revised version of health survey scale SF-36 (MOS36-item short forum health survey) was used at three time points, T1(before the treatment), T2(before the 2nd cycle of high-dose chemotherapy and the 4th cycle of conventional-dose chemotherapy ) and T3(3 months after the treatment). T test was used for statistical analysis. Results At T2 point, 8 variables of QOL of patients treated with high-dose and conventional-dose chemotherapy were significantly decreased compared with those at T1 point. At T3 point, the vitality and social function were still significantly decreased compared with those at T1 point (P<0.05). Other variables had no significant difference. At T2 point, the general health, physical function, vitality and social function in the high-dose chemotherapy group were decreased significantly compared with those in the conventional-dose chemotherapy group (P<0.05). No significant difference was observed between the two groups at T1 or T3 points. Conclusion High-dose chemotherapy supported by autologous peripheral blood stem cells led to significant reduction of QOL of advanced breast cancer patients, especially the general health, physical function, vitality and social function. However, high-dose chemotherapy could shorten the treatment time and the patients could resume their normal lives faster.
Objective To analyze the quality of life (QOL) of advanced breast cancer patients after receiving high-dose chemotherapy supported by autologous peripheral blood stem cells, and to provide evidence for selecting the effective intervening measure to improve QOL of patients. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 25 advanced breast cancer patients who were treated with high-dose chemotherapy supported by autologous peripheral blood stem cells and 22 patients who received conventional-dose therapy as the control group. SF-12, the revised version of health survey scale SF-36 (MOS36-item short forum health survey) was used at three time points, T1(before the treatment), T2(before the 2nd cycle of high-dose chemotherapy and the 4th cycle of conventional-dose chemotherapy ) and T3(3 months after the treatment). T test was used for statistical analysis. Results At T2 point, 8 variables of QOL of patients treated with high-dose and conventional-dose chemotherapy were significantly decreased compared with those at T1 point. At T3 point, the vitality and social function were still significantly decreased compared with those at T1 point (P<0.05). Other variables had no significant difference. At T2 point, the general health, physical function, vitality and social function in the high-dose chemotherapy group were decreased significantly compared with those in the conventional-dose chemotherapy group (P<0.05). No significant difference was observed between the two groups at T1 or T3 points. Conclusion High-dose chemotherapy supported by autologous peripheral blood stem cells led to significant reduction of QOL of advanced breast cancer patients, especially the general health, physical function, vitality and social function. However, high-dose chemotherapy could shorten the treatment time and the patients could resume their normal lives faster.
2015, 42(02): 150-153.
DOI: 10.3971/j.issn.1000-8578.2015.02.011
Abstract：
Objective To describe the clinicopathological characteristics of bilateral primary breast cancer(BPBC) and analyze the prognostic factors. Methods A retrospective chart review was conducted on 68 patients diagnosed as BPBC at the Breast Center, Peking University People's Hospital. The clinicopathological characteristics were analyzed among patients with bilateral breast cancer using Spearman Rank Correlation. The prognosis factors were analyzed using COX regression analysis. Results Of all the breast cancer patients, BPBC accounted for 3.2%. The first onset age of BPBC patients was earlier than that of unilateral breast cancer patients(P=0.007). When 12 or 24 month of interval time was used to separate synchronous bilateral primary breast cancer(sBPBC) and metachronous primary breast cancer(mBPBC), the cumulative survival rate of sBPBC patients was lower than that of mBPBC patients(P=0.018，P=0.000); there was a significant difference in the survival between patients with invasive lobular breast cancer and invasive ductal breast cancer, from the diagnosis of the second primary tumor(P=0.036). Using the Cox multivariate model, tumor stage, interval time of two tumors and hormone receptor status of the second primary tumor affected the survival of BPBC patients significantly(P=0.02, P=0.02, P=0.049). Conclusion The onset age of BPBC patients was early. The survival of sBPBC patients was worse than that of mBPBC patients. Tumor stage, interval time of bilateral breast cancer, pathological type of the second primary tumor and hormone receptor expression have prognostic significance on BPBC patients.
Objective To describe the clinicopathological characteristics of bilateral primary breast cancer(BPBC) and analyze the prognostic factors. Methods A retrospective chart review was conducted on 68 patients diagnosed as BPBC at the Breast Center, Peking University People's Hospital. The clinicopathological characteristics were analyzed among patients with bilateral breast cancer using Spearman Rank Correlation. The prognosis factors were analyzed using COX regression analysis. Results Of all the breast cancer patients, BPBC accounted for 3.2%. The first onset age of BPBC patients was earlier than that of unilateral breast cancer patients(P=0.007). When 12 or 24 month of interval time was used to separate synchronous bilateral primary breast cancer(sBPBC) and metachronous primary breast cancer(mBPBC), the cumulative survival rate of sBPBC patients was lower than that of mBPBC patients(P=0.018，P=0.000); there was a significant difference in the survival between patients with invasive lobular breast cancer and invasive ductal breast cancer, from the diagnosis of the second primary tumor(P=0.036). Using the Cox multivariate model, tumor stage, interval time of two tumors and hormone receptor status of the second primary tumor affected the survival of BPBC patients significantly(P=0.02, P=0.02, P=0.049). Conclusion The onset age of BPBC patients was early. The survival of sBPBC patients was worse than that of mBPBC patients. Tumor stage, interval time of bilateral breast cancer, pathological type of the second primary tumor and hormone receptor expression have prognostic significance on BPBC patients.
2015, 42(02): 154-158.
DOI: 10.3971/j.issn.1000-8578.2015.02.012
Abstract：
Objective To analyze the clinical features of pancreatic cancer patients with liver metastasis and multimodality treatments, and to explore the impact of multimodality treatments on the prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 64 pancreatic cancer patients with liver metastasis hospitalized in The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from January 2009 to January 2012. Prognostic factors in clinical features and multimodality treatments were analyzed by Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression model with SPSS19.0 software. Results The median survival time (MST) was 4 month. 6-month, 1-year and 2-year overall survival (OS) were 39.1%, 21.9% and 7.8% respectively. Univariate analysis revealed that there were significant differences in age, pain, anorexia, CA19-9, ALT and GGT levels, surgery, chemotherapy embolism/ transarterial chemotherapy, active treatment and multi-disciplinary treatment. Multivariate analysis showed that extrahepatic metastasis, pain, CA19-9, active treatment, surgery, chemotherapy embolism/transarterial chemotherapy and multi-disciplinary treatment were closely related to the survival and prognosis of patients. Conclusion In pancreatic cancer patients with liver metastases, pain, CA19-9≥1 000 u/ml and extrahepatic metastases at diagnosis are adverse prognostic factors. Active treatment, surgery, chemotherapy embolism/transarterial chemotherapy and multi-disciplinary treatment could improve the quality of life and prolong the survival time of pancreatic cancer patients with liver metastases.
Objective To analyze the clinical features of pancreatic cancer patients with liver metastasis and multimodality treatments, and to explore the impact of multimodality treatments on the prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 64 pancreatic cancer patients with liver metastasis hospitalized in The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from January 2009 to January 2012. Prognostic factors in clinical features and multimodality treatments were analyzed by Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression model with SPSS19.0 software. Results The median survival time (MST) was 4 month. 6-month, 1-year and 2-year overall survival (OS) were 39.1%, 21.9% and 7.8% respectively. Univariate analysis revealed that there were significant differences in age, pain, anorexia, CA19-9, ALT and GGT levels, surgery, chemotherapy embolism/ transarterial chemotherapy, active treatment and multi-disciplinary treatment. Multivariate analysis showed that extrahepatic metastasis, pain, CA19-9, active treatment, surgery, chemotherapy embolism/transarterial chemotherapy and multi-disciplinary treatment were closely related to the survival and prognosis of patients. Conclusion In pancreatic cancer patients with liver metastases, pain, CA19-9≥1 000 u/ml and extrahepatic metastases at diagnosis are adverse prognostic factors. Active treatment, surgery, chemotherapy embolism/transarterial chemotherapy and multi-disciplinary treatment could improve the quality of life and prolong the survival time of pancreatic cancer patients with liver metastases.
2015, 42(02): 159-163.
DOI: 10.3971/j.issn.1000-8578.2015.02.013
Abstract：
Objective To investigate the expression of CXCR5, CXCL13, MMP-12 and MMP-13, and to explore their relationship with clinicopathologic features and prognosis of colorectal carcinoma. Methods The immunohistochemistry staining method was used to detect the expression of CXCR5, CXCL13, MMP-12 and MMP-13 protein in 236 paired specimens of colorectal cancer and normal tissues and 62 cases of colorectal adenoma. Results The positive rates of CXCR5, CXCL13, MMP-12 and MMP-13 were 43.6%, 41.5%, 83.5% and 80.5% in colorectal carcinoma tissues, respectively, which were much higher than those in incisal edge normal intestinal mucosa tissues (4.2%, 5.5%, 11.9% and 13.1%) and those in colorectal adenomas tissues(24.2%, 17.7%, 69.4% and 64.5%) (P<0.05). The expression of CXCR5, CXCL13, MMP-12 and MMP-13 were positively correlated with lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, TNM stage and relapse(P<0.05). Additionally, CXCL13 positive staining was correlated with poor differentiation(P<0.05). CXCR5 expression was significantly correlated with CXCL13 expression(P<0.05). The expression of CXCR5 and CXCL13 were positively correlated with MMP-12 and MMP-13, respectively (P<0.05). Conclusion The expression of CXCR5，CXCL13，MMP-12 and MMP-13 may play a crucial role in the carcinogenesis, development, metastasis and relapse of colorectal cancer. They could be used as prognostic markers of colorectal cancer in clinical practice.
Objective To investigate the expression of CXCR5, CXCL13, MMP-12 and MMP-13, and to explore their relationship with clinicopathologic features and prognosis of colorectal carcinoma. Methods The immunohistochemistry staining method was used to detect the expression of CXCR5, CXCL13, MMP-12 and MMP-13 protein in 236 paired specimens of colorectal cancer and normal tissues and 62 cases of colorectal adenoma. Results The positive rates of CXCR5, CXCL13, MMP-12 and MMP-13 were 43.6%, 41.5%, 83.5% and 80.5% in colorectal carcinoma tissues, respectively, which were much higher than those in incisal edge normal intestinal mucosa tissues (4.2%, 5.5%, 11.9% and 13.1%) and those in colorectal adenomas tissues(24.2%, 17.7%, 69.4% and 64.5%) (P<0.05). The expression of CXCR5, CXCL13, MMP-12 and MMP-13 were positively correlated with lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, TNM stage and relapse(P<0.05). Additionally, CXCL13 positive staining was correlated with poor differentiation(P<0.05). CXCR5 expression was significantly correlated with CXCL13 expression(P<0.05). The expression of CXCR5 and CXCL13 were positively correlated with MMP-12 and MMP-13, respectively (P<0.05). Conclusion The expression of CXCR5，CXCL13，MMP-12 and MMP-13 may play a crucial role in the carcinogenesis, development, metastasis and relapse of colorectal cancer. They could be used as prognostic markers of colorectal cancer in clinical practice.
2015, 42(02): 164-167.
DOI: 10.3971/j.issn.1000-8578.2015.02.014
Abstract：
Objective To investigate the expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor C(VEGF-C) and Podoplanin in rectum cancer tissues with lymph node metastasis in elder patients and their relationship with the prognosis. Methods VEGF-C and Podoplanin expressions in rectum carcinoma tissues and the corresponding lymph node metastasis carcinoma tissues in elder patients were detected by immunohistochemical method. At the same time the postoperative follow-up of these patients were analyzed. Results The expression rates of VEGF-C and Podoplanin in rectum carcinoma tissues with lymph node metastasis were higher than those in primary carcinoma tissues. The expressions of VEGF-C and Podoplanin in rectum carcinoma tissues with lymph node metastasis in elder patients were higher than those without lymph node(P<0.05). The levels of VEGF-C and Podoplanin and lymph node metastasis were the key factors to influence the prognosis of rectum cancer in elder patients. Conclusion VEGF-C and Podoplanin are highly expressed in rectum cancer tissues with lymph node metastasis in elder patients and related with the prognosis of rectum cancer. Their combination could be used as the index for the prognosis of rectum cancer with lymph node metastasis in elder patients.
Objective To investigate the expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor C(VEGF-C) and Podoplanin in rectum cancer tissues with lymph node metastasis in elder patients and their relationship with the prognosis. Methods VEGF-C and Podoplanin expressions in rectum carcinoma tissues and the corresponding lymph node metastasis carcinoma tissues in elder patients were detected by immunohistochemical method. At the same time the postoperative follow-up of these patients were analyzed. Results The expression rates of VEGF-C and Podoplanin in rectum carcinoma tissues with lymph node metastasis were higher than those in primary carcinoma tissues. The expressions of VEGF-C and Podoplanin in rectum carcinoma tissues with lymph node metastasis in elder patients were higher than those without lymph node(P<0.05). The levels of VEGF-C and Podoplanin and lymph node metastasis were the key factors to influence the prognosis of rectum cancer in elder patients. Conclusion VEGF-C and Podoplanin are highly expressed in rectum cancer tissues with lymph node metastasis in elder patients and related with the prognosis of rectum cancer. Their combination could be used as the index for the prognosis of rectum cancer with lymph node metastasis in elder patients.
2015, 42(02): 168-170.
DOI: 10.3971/j.issn.1000-8578.2015.02.015
Abstract：
Objective To explore the expression of plasma D-dimer in patients with advanced cardia cancer and the effect of disodium cantharidinate and vitamin B6 injection combined with chemotherapy on plasma D-dimer level. Methods Sixty-two advanced cardia cancer patients confirmed by pathological examination were randomly divided into two groups, 31 patients in experimental group (Group A) received PF chemotherapy（4 cycles at least) combined with disodium cantharidinate and vitamin B6 injection (0.5 mg/d), and other 31 patients in control group (Group B) received the same generation chemotherapy but combined with equivalent saline. The D-dimer level was determined one day before the first and third chemotherapy. Results There was no statistical significance of plasma D-dimer level in different gender, age, pathological types or clinical stage in advanced cardia cancer patients before chemotherapy among all groups(P＞0.05). D-dimer level was significantly decreased after chemotherapy(P=0.000), moreover, D-dimer level after chemotherapy in Group A was significantly lower than that in Group B(P=0.042). The ratio of gastrointestinal disorders in Group A (48.4%) was no difference with that in Group B (64.5%) (P=0.200). Moreover, the ratio of blood system disorders in Group A (41.9%) was lower than that in Group B (67.7%, P=0.041). Conclusion After chemotherapy, plasma D-dimer level in advanced cardia cancer patients was significantly decreased. Disodium cantharidinate and vitamin B6 injection could be the co-effective drug with chemotherapy and reduce the adverse events of chemotherapy and the risk of thrombus in advanced cardia cancer patients.
Objective To explore the expression of plasma D-dimer in patients with advanced cardia cancer and the effect of disodium cantharidinate and vitamin B6 injection combined with chemotherapy on plasma D-dimer level. Methods Sixty-two advanced cardia cancer patients confirmed by pathological examination were randomly divided into two groups, 31 patients in experimental group (Group A) received PF chemotherapy（4 cycles at least) combined with disodium cantharidinate and vitamin B6 injection (0.5 mg/d), and other 31 patients in control group (Group B) received the same generation chemotherapy but combined with equivalent saline. The D-dimer level was determined one day before the first and third chemotherapy. Results There was no statistical significance of plasma D-dimer level in different gender, age, pathological types or clinical stage in advanced cardia cancer patients before chemotherapy among all groups(P＞0.05). D-dimer level was significantly decreased after chemotherapy(P=0.000), moreover, D-dimer level after chemotherapy in Group A was significantly lower than that in Group B(P=0.042). The ratio of gastrointestinal disorders in Group A (48.4%) was no difference with that in Group B (64.5%) (P=0.200). Moreover, the ratio of blood system disorders in Group A (41.9%) was lower than that in Group B (67.7%, P=0.041). Conclusion After chemotherapy, plasma D-dimer level in advanced cardia cancer patients was significantly decreased. Disodium cantharidinate and vitamin B6 injection could be the co-effective drug with chemotherapy and reduce the adverse events of chemotherapy and the risk of thrombus in advanced cardia cancer patients.
2015, 42(02): 171-176.
DOI: 10.3971/j.issn.1000-8578.2015.02.016
Abstract：
Objective To analyze the discovery approach and economic burden of six kinds of common cancers patients in Beijing and to provide policy advice to cancer control. Methods The questionnaire survey was conducted to obtain discovery approach，treatment costs and other related information of cancer patients in four hospitals in Beijing. Results 49.9% of the respondents were local patients from Beijing；80.2% of the patients were firstly found until diagnosed due to discomfort symptoms; for average hospitalization medical costs in Beijing，colon cancer was the highest(￥50885.1/time)，meanwhile，for average non-medical costs，esophagus cancer was the highest(￥6596.5/time). Overall incidence of catastrophic health expenditure in cancer patient families was 60.1%. Conclusion The most reported discovery approach of cancer was seeing doctor when the patient felt unwell. Economic burden for cancer patient is high, meanwhile the compensation level of basic health insurance for the patient is still limited now. The risk assessment of cancer for high-risk population should be integrated into primary public health service. The reimbursement policy should be adjusted to improve the compensation level of basic health insurance for the cancer patients.
Objective To analyze the discovery approach and economic burden of six kinds of common cancers patients in Beijing and to provide policy advice to cancer control. Methods The questionnaire survey was conducted to obtain discovery approach，treatment costs and other related information of cancer patients in four hospitals in Beijing. Results 49.9% of the respondents were local patients from Beijing；80.2% of the patients were firstly found until diagnosed due to discomfort symptoms; for average hospitalization medical costs in Beijing，colon cancer was the highest(￥50885.1/time)，meanwhile，for average non-medical costs，esophagus cancer was the highest(￥6596.5/time). Overall incidence of catastrophic health expenditure in cancer patient families was 60.1%. Conclusion The most reported discovery approach of cancer was seeing doctor when the patient felt unwell. Economic burden for cancer patient is high, meanwhile the compensation level of basic health insurance for the patient is still limited now. The risk assessment of cancer for high-risk population should be integrated into primary public health service. The reimbursement policy should be adjusted to improve the compensation level of basic health insurance for the cancer patients.
2015, 42(02): 177-180.
DOI: 10.3971/j.issn.1000-8578.2015.02.017
Abstract：
Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of double balloon enteroscopy(DBE) in diagnosing alimentary tract hemorrhage induced by stromal tumor of small bowel(STSB) and analyze the morphological features of small bowel under endoscopy. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical manifestation, endoscopic appearance, tumor size, location, imageological characteristics and postoperative pathological diagnosis data of 40 patients with alimentary tract hemorrhage induced by STSB. Results Alimentary tract hemorrhage induced by STSB was more common in the elderly [(50.50±10.21) year-old) ], with melena, bloody stool or positive in occult test as the main characteristics, and mostly suffered from anemia, abdominal pain, distension and loss of body weight. Lesion was detected by abdomen CT or angiography prior to DBE in 15.00% (6/40) of patients; 95.00% (38/40) stromal tumor of small intestine was detected by DBE; 5.00%(2/40) of the patients was missed diagnosis. Stromal tumor appeared as hard, spherical or hemispherical submucosal protrusion with clearly demarcated borders. The mucosal was intact or of superficial erosion, with part of luminal narrowing. Risk factors were defined after the operation: very low risk (6 cases), low risk (15 cases), intermediate risk (13 cases) and high risk (6 cases). Conclusion DBE is an effective and safe method for identifying STSB, however, it still has limitations in evaluating the invasion risk and clinical prognosis. For early detection, accurate clinical evaluation and prognosis of STSB combined with other diagnostic information, further studies will be needed.
Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of double balloon enteroscopy(DBE) in diagnosing alimentary tract hemorrhage induced by stromal tumor of small bowel(STSB) and analyze the morphological features of small bowel under endoscopy. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical manifestation, endoscopic appearance, tumor size, location, imageological characteristics and postoperative pathological diagnosis data of 40 patients with alimentary tract hemorrhage induced by STSB. Results Alimentary tract hemorrhage induced by STSB was more common in the elderly [(50.50±10.21) year-old) ], with melena, bloody stool or positive in occult test as the main characteristics, and mostly suffered from anemia, abdominal pain, distension and loss of body weight. Lesion was detected by abdomen CT or angiography prior to DBE in 15.00% (6/40) of patients; 95.00% (38/40) stromal tumor of small intestine was detected by DBE; 5.00%(2/40) of the patients was missed diagnosis. Stromal tumor appeared as hard, spherical or hemispherical submucosal protrusion with clearly demarcated borders. The mucosal was intact or of superficial erosion, with part of luminal narrowing. Risk factors were defined after the operation: very low risk (6 cases), low risk (15 cases), intermediate risk (13 cases) and high risk (6 cases). Conclusion DBE is an effective and safe method for identifying STSB, however, it still has limitations in evaluating the invasion risk and clinical prognosis. For early detection, accurate clinical evaluation and prognosis of STSB combined with other diagnostic information, further studies will be needed.
2015, 42(02): 181-184.
DOI: 10.3971/j.issn.1000-8578.2015.02.018
Abstract：
Objective To evaluate the adverse reaction and curative effect of simultaneous integrated boost conformal radiotherapy (SIB-CR) on patients with unresectable central non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC). Methods Forty-four unresectable central NSCLC patients diagnosed histologically and cytologically from the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University between Dec. 2007 to July 2013 were treated with SIBCR planning. The prescribed dose of PTV was 5 040cGy/28times(180cGy/time) and the dose for local tumor was 6 440cGy/28times(230cGy/time) simultaneously. The total treatment time was about 5.5 weeks (1 time a day, 5 times a week). The adverse reaction and curative effect were observed. Results The overall response rate(CR+PR) was 97.7% (43/44). The 1-, 2-, 3- and 5-years survival rates were 70.9%, 44.8%, 31.0% and 18.6% respectively. The 1-, 2-, 3- and 5-years local control rates were 93.8%, 63.9%, 58.1% and 58.1% respectively. The acute pneumonitis and esophagitis incidence rates were 29.6% and 25.0% respectively. The myelosuppression rate was 43.2%(19/44). Conclusion The SIB-CR technique for central NSCLC was feasible and with a high response rate. Radiation toxicities could be well tolerated. However, the long-term survival and late toxicities are still needed to be observed.
Objective To evaluate the adverse reaction and curative effect of simultaneous integrated boost conformal radiotherapy (SIB-CR) on patients with unresectable central non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC). Methods Forty-four unresectable central NSCLC patients diagnosed histologically and cytologically from the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University between Dec. 2007 to July 2013 were treated with SIBCR planning. The prescribed dose of PTV was 5 040cGy/28times(180cGy/time) and the dose for local tumor was 6 440cGy/28times(230cGy/time) simultaneously. The total treatment time was about 5.5 weeks (1 time a day, 5 times a week). The adverse reaction and curative effect were observed. Results The overall response rate(CR+PR) was 97.7% (43/44). The 1-, 2-, 3- and 5-years survival rates were 70.9%, 44.8%, 31.0% and 18.6% respectively. The 1-, 2-, 3- and 5-years local control rates were 93.8%, 63.9%, 58.1% and 58.1% respectively. The acute pneumonitis and esophagitis incidence rates were 29.6% and 25.0% respectively. The myelosuppression rate was 43.2%(19/44). Conclusion The SIB-CR technique for central NSCLC was feasible and with a high response rate. Radiation toxicities could be well tolerated. However, the long-term survival and late toxicities are still needed to be observed.
2015, 42(02): 185-189.
DOI: 10.3971/j.issn.1000-8578.2015.02.019
Abstract：
Objective To observe the efficacy and safety of temozolomide(TMZ) combined with radiotherapy on patients with high-grade glioma(HGG), and to explore the prognostic factors for HGG patients. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 50 patients with newly diagnosed HGG treated with TMZ combined with radiotherapy. All patients were treated with three-dimensional conformal technique(3DCRT) or intensity-modulated radiotherapy(IMRT), and received oral TMZ[75 mg/(m2·d)] during radiotherapy; the adjuvant chemotherapy scheme TMZ[(150-200) mg/(m2·d)] for 5 days, 28 days as a cycle, was used after radiochemotherapy. We analyzed the clinical outcome and safety of those HGG patients. Multivariate analysis was used to analyze some factors related to prognostic significance, including gender, age, Karnovsky performance scores(KPS), excision degree, pathological grade, interval time between surgery and radiochemotherapy, radiotherapy techniques and adjuvant TMZ cycle number. Results With a median follow-up of 21.4 months (6.6-57.5 months), 28 patients had disease progression or recurrence, and 22 patients were dead. The 1-, 2-, 3-year overall survival(OS) and progression-free survival(PFS) rates were 85.8% and 71.8%, 54.9% and 44.2%, 51.2% and 44.2%, respectively. TMZ combined with radiotherapy was generally well tolerated and common side effects were nausea, vomiting, neutropenia and thrombocytopenia. Multivariate analysis showed that independently prognostic factors for OS were KPS, pathological grade and adjuvant TMZ cycles; those for PFS were excision degree, pathological grade and adjuvant TMZ cycle number. Conclusion TMZ combined with radiotherapy have good efficacy and safety on HGG patients. KPS, excision degree, pathological grade and adjuvant TMZ cycle number are the important prognostic factors for HGG patients.
Objective To observe the efficacy and safety of temozolomide(TMZ) combined with radiotherapy on patients with high-grade glioma(HGG), and to explore the prognostic factors for HGG patients. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 50 patients with newly diagnosed HGG treated with TMZ combined with radiotherapy. All patients were treated with three-dimensional conformal technique(3DCRT) or intensity-modulated radiotherapy(IMRT), and received oral TMZ[75 mg/(m2·d)] during radiotherapy; the adjuvant chemotherapy scheme TMZ[(150-200) mg/(m2·d)] for 5 days, 28 days as a cycle, was used after radiochemotherapy. We analyzed the clinical outcome and safety of those HGG patients. Multivariate analysis was used to analyze some factors related to prognostic significance, including gender, age, Karnovsky performance scores(KPS), excision degree, pathological grade, interval time between surgery and radiochemotherapy, radiotherapy techniques and adjuvant TMZ cycle number. Results With a median follow-up of 21.4 months (6.6-57.5 months), 28 patients had disease progression or recurrence, and 22 patients were dead. The 1-, 2-, 3-year overall survival(OS) and progression-free survival(PFS) rates were 85.8% and 71.8%, 54.9% and 44.2%, 51.2% and 44.2%, respectively. TMZ combined with radiotherapy was generally well tolerated and common side effects were nausea, vomiting, neutropenia and thrombocytopenia. Multivariate analysis showed that independently prognostic factors for OS were KPS, pathological grade and adjuvant TMZ cycles; those for PFS were excision degree, pathological grade and adjuvant TMZ cycle number. Conclusion TMZ combined with radiotherapy have good efficacy and safety on HGG patients. KPS, excision degree, pathological grade and adjuvant TMZ cycle number are the important prognostic factors for HGG patients.
2015, 42(02): 190-193.
DOI: 10.3971/j.issn.1000-8578.2015.02.020
Abstract：
Objective To investigate the association between HLA-E gene polymorphisms and genetic susceptibility of female breast carcinoma in Han Nationality in Zhangjiakou, China. Methods HLA-E typing was performed for 200 breast cancer patients and 114 healthy controls from Zhangjiakou area by polymerase chain reaction-sequence-specific priming (PCR-SSP). Results Two alleles of HLA-E could be detected, HLA-E*0101 and HLA-E*0103; simultaneously three genotypes were detected, namely HLA-E*0101/0101, HLA-E*0101/0103 and HLA-E*0103/0103. The frequencies of HLA-E*0103 allele and HLA-E*0103/HLA-E*0103 genotype were significant different between healthy controls and breast cancer patients(P＜0.01). The risk of breast cancer was significantly increased in HLA-E*0103/ HLA-E*0103 genotype(OR=2.05, P=0.004). Conclusion HLA-E gene polymorphisms are associated with the development of female breast cancer of the Han in Zhangjiakou, China; moreover, HLA-E*0103/ HLA-E*0103 genotype is probably the susceptible genotype.
Objective To investigate the association between HLA-E gene polymorphisms and genetic susceptibility of female breast carcinoma in Han Nationality in Zhangjiakou, China. Methods HLA-E typing was performed for 200 breast cancer patients and 114 healthy controls from Zhangjiakou area by polymerase chain reaction-sequence-specific priming (PCR-SSP). Results Two alleles of HLA-E could be detected, HLA-E*0101 and HLA-E*0103; simultaneously three genotypes were detected, namely HLA-E*0101/0101, HLA-E*0101/0103 and HLA-E*0103/0103. The frequencies of HLA-E*0103 allele and HLA-E*0103/HLA-E*0103 genotype were significant different between healthy controls and breast cancer patients(P＜0.01). The risk of breast cancer was significantly increased in HLA-E*0103/ HLA-E*0103 genotype(OR=2.05, P=0.004). Conclusion HLA-E gene polymorphisms are associated with the development of female breast cancer of the Han in Zhangjiakou, China; moreover, HLA-E*0103/ HLA-E*0103 genotype is probably the susceptible genotype.
2015, 42(02): 194-199.
DOI: 10.3971/j.issn.1000-8578.2015.02.021
Abstract：
Bladder cancer is the first common urogenital malignant tumor among the Chinese men, and the incidence is trending to rapidly ascend. Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor 2(RhoGDI2) is found to be a new metastasis suppressor factor of bladder cancer in recent years. Previous studies have confirmed that RhoGDI2 protein can inhibit bladder cancer metastases, and its molecular mechanism maybe regulate the downstream gene of erbB1/EGFR tyrosine kinase receptor, calcium binding protein S100A4, p53 and MTSS1 which stop tumor progression. RhoGDI2 gene deletion also is a poor prognostic factor in patients with bladder cancer. In conclusion, expression of RhoGDI2 gene can be as a signal for diagnosis of patients with bladder cancer prone to metastasis. RhoGDI2 is expected to be a therapeutic molecules inhibiting bladder cancer. In this paper,we give an overview of RhoGDI2 function in bladder carcinoma. These include the RhoGDI2 discovery, RhoGDI2 expression in pathological specimens, and the molecular mechanism that RhoGDI2 inhibits the metastasis.
Bladder cancer is the first common urogenital malignant tumor among the Chinese men, and the incidence is trending to rapidly ascend. Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor 2(RhoGDI2) is found to be a new metastasis suppressor factor of bladder cancer in recent years. Previous studies have confirmed that RhoGDI2 protein can inhibit bladder cancer metastases, and its molecular mechanism maybe regulate the downstream gene of erbB1/EGFR tyrosine kinase receptor, calcium binding protein S100A4, p53 and MTSS1 which stop tumor progression. RhoGDI2 gene deletion also is a poor prognostic factor in patients with bladder cancer. In conclusion, expression of RhoGDI2 gene can be as a signal for diagnosis of patients with bladder cancer prone to metastasis. RhoGDI2 is expected to be a therapeutic molecules inhibiting bladder cancer. In this paper,we give an overview of RhoGDI2 function in bladder carcinoma. These include the RhoGDI2 discovery, RhoGDI2 expression in pathological specimens, and the molecular mechanism that RhoGDI2 inhibits the metastasis.
2015, 42(02): 200-203.
DOI: 10.3971/j.issn.1000-8578.2015.02.022
Abstract：
The overexpression of transcription factor HOXB7 in tumor tissue is often closely related to tumor staging and prognosis. Studies have shown that HOXB7 plays important roles in not only cell proliferation and apoptosis but also in tumor metastasis process. Multiple signal transduction pathways could regulate the expression and activation of HOXB7 while HOXB7 could also affect multiple important factors in the pathway. It has become a potential target for tumor therapy.
The overexpression of transcription factor HOXB7 in tumor tissue is often closely related to tumor staging and prognosis. Studies have shown that HOXB7 plays important roles in not only cell proliferation and apoptosis but also in tumor metastasis process. Multiple signal transduction pathways could regulate the expression and activation of HOXB7 while HOXB7 could also affect multiple important factors in the pathway. It has become a potential target for tumor therapy.
2015, 42(02): 204-208.
DOI: 10.3971/j.issn.1000-8578.2015.02.023
Abstract：
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC) is the major subtype of esophageal cancer(EC) in China. Although the molecular genetics of ESCC have been widely studied, the molecular mechanism of ESCC carcinogenesis has not been completely understood. microRNAs(miRNAs) are a class of small, endogenous, and non-protein-coding RNAs. They have a role in biological and pathological process, including cell differentiation, apoptosis, proliferation and metabolism. miRNAs have a potential role in ESCC pathogenesis through oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes. Recent years, some studies show that a substantial number of miRNAs are differentially expressed in esophageal cancer tissues. A better knowledge of the roles of miRNAs and their target genes in ESCC development may provide new avenues for the early detection, diagnosis, therapy, and prognosis of ESCC.
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC) is the major subtype of esophageal cancer(EC) in China. Although the molecular genetics of ESCC have been widely studied, the molecular mechanism of ESCC carcinogenesis has not been completely understood. microRNAs(miRNAs) are a class of small, endogenous, and non-protein-coding RNAs. They have a role in biological and pathological process, including cell differentiation, apoptosis, proliferation and metabolism. miRNAs have a potential role in ESCC pathogenesis through oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes. Recent years, some studies show that a substantial number of miRNAs are differentially expressed in esophageal cancer tissues. A better knowledge of the roles of miRNAs and their target genes in ESCC development may provide new avenues for the early detection, diagnosis, therapy, and prognosis of ESCC.
2015, 42(02): 209-212.
DOI: 10.3971/j.issn.1000-8578.2015.02.024
Abstract：
Triple-negative breast cancer is highly invasive and has poor prognosis. Defining triple-negative breast cancer only based on immunohistochemistry is not comprehensive, it is necessary to classify triplenegative breast cancer from molecular stratification, which is useful for guiding the therapy clinically. This article is to sum up the existing clinical classification methods of triple-negative breast cancer, and review on related targeted therapy methods.
Triple-negative breast cancer is highly invasive and has poor prognosis. Defining triple-negative breast cancer only based on immunohistochemistry is not comprehensive, it is necessary to classify triplenegative breast cancer from molecular stratification, which is useful for guiding the therapy clinically. This article is to sum up the existing clinical classification methods of triple-negative breast cancer, and review on related targeted therapy methods.
