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2010  Vol. 37  No. 04

Inhibitory Effect of Mesima Reishi UE-1 on Tumor Growth and Angiogenesis
Abstract:
Objective To study the inhibitory effect of Mesima Reishi UE-1 on growth and angiogenesis of Lewis pulmonary carcinoma. Methods The models of Lewis pulmonary carcinoma were used to test the effect of UE-1 on tumor growth, and microvessel density was investigated in entity tumor by immunohistochemical technique. The count of tumor-induced new vessel was used to manifest the effect of UE-1 on Lewis pulmonary carcinoma angiogenesis. The inhibition of UE-1 on chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) angiogenesis was studied by CAM assay. Results The average weight and volume of Lewis pulmonary carcinoma in UE-1 group were lower than those in control group(P<0.05). The MVD of entity tumor in UE-1 group was also lower than that in control group(P<0.05). The number of vesssels oriented toward the tumor mass in UE-1 group was less than that in control(P<0.05). The CAM assay showed that UE-1 polysaccharide had anti-angiogenic effect. Conclusion Mesima Reishi UE-1 can inhibit the growth of Lewis pulmonary carcinoma. The inhibitory mechanism may be related to anti-angiogenic activity of UE-1.
Effect of Integrin-mediated Signal Transduction Pathways on Apoptosis of K562 Cells
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Objective To evaluate the role of integrin mediated signal transduction pathway in the apoptosis of K562 cells. Methods The percentage of apoptotic K562 cells induced by Anti-α5β1 was measured by FCM and acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) double fluorescent dye staining, the expression levels of PI3K and survivin mRNA were measured by RT-PCR. The AKT and PI3K protein expression levels and the phosphorylation levels of these proteins were detected by Western blot method. Results Anti-α5β1 antibodies induced apoptosis of K562 cells and down-regulated the expression levels of PI3K mRNA and protein, survivin mRNA and AKT protein. The effect of Anti-α5β1 was much stronger than that of IFNα-2b. Conclusion The PI3K-AKT-survivin signal transduction pathway mediated by integrin α5β1 might contribute to the apoptosis of K562 cells.
Effect of Angiogenesis on Growth and Metastasis of Lewis Lung Carcinoma
Abstract:
Objective Establishing an animal model that can simulate the dynamic process of tumor progression and metastasis and to explore the important role of angiogenesis in tumor progression and metastasis by this model. Methods The Lewis lung carcinoma(LLC) was maintained by serial passage in C57BL/6 mice, to observe the dynamic process of tumor progression and metastasis of the second generation(the group of earlier stage),the eighth generation(the group of intermediate stage) and the fifteenth generation(the group of advanced stage), immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of HIF-1α、VEGF and MVD in tumors from each group. Results (1) With increasing numbers of passage, the tumor's growth velocity speeded up, the invasive power was gradually enhanced and the rate of pulmonary metastasis increased. (2)The expression of HIF-1α,VEGF and MVD in tumors from the group of earlier stage、intermediate stage and advanced stage were different (P<0.05).What's more, there was statistically significant correlation betweeen the expression of HIF-1α and VEGF;VEGF and MVD. Conclusion The growth velocity of LLC speeded up and the tumor′s metastasis potential was enhanced in the process of serial passage in mice,and angiogenesis played an important role in this dynamic process. As a result, tumor can keep on growing and developing pulmonary metastasis.
Flavone of Yunnan Purpleblow Maple Is a Potent Apoptosis Inducer in YTMLC Cells
Abstract:
Objective To evaluate the apoptosis-inducing effect of flavone(which was extracted from Yunnan purpleblow maple) on YTMLC (Yunnan Gejiu Lung Squamous Carcinoma Cells) cell line and related altered gene expression change, this study would provide experimental basis for the clinical use of lung cancer theraphy. Methods MTT(Methy triazolyl tetrazolium) assay was used to evaluate the growth inhibiting effects of the flavone on YTMLC cells. Flow cytometry TUNEL assay was applied to detect the apoptosis rate of YTMLC cells after incubation with the flavone. Apoptosis related gene expression of YTMLC cells was tested by reverse transcriptive polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR). Results The flavone exhibited a growth inhibitory effect on YTMLC cells, with 50% inhibition concentration(IC50) value (108.53±8.22) mg/L, after incubated for 48 h. Flow cytometry showed that the flavone of Yunnan purpleblow maple induced both apoptosis and necrosis. While upregulating the expression of p53、p21、Bax and Caspase-3, the flavone also downregulated the expression level of Bcl-2. Conclusion The flavone of Yunnan purpleblow maple can inhibit the growth of lung cancer cell (YTMLC) in vitro, and leads to apoptosis and necrosis of the tumor cells. The expression levels of apoptosis-related genes were altered, which implies its mechanism.
Effects of Emodin on Cell Proliferation, Apoptosis and VEGF/TNF-α Secretion of Human Lung Adenocarcinoma A549 Cells
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Objective To study the effects of emodin on cell proliferation, apoptosis and secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) of human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells in vitro. Methods MTT assay was applied to determine the cell proliferation of A549 cells after treated with emodin at different concentrations (5, 10, 20, 40, 80 μmol/L) for different time durations (12, 24, 48 and 72 h). The apoptotic A549 cells were double-color stained with annexin V-FITC and propidium iodide (PI) and then measured with flow cytometry (FCM); The apoptotic A549 cells were also stained by Hoechst 33258 and examined under fluorescence microscope. The culture medium supernatants of A549 cells treated by emodin were collected and concentrations of VEGF and TNF-α were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results Emodin significantly inhibited cell proliferation and promoted apoptotic rate of human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells, and reduced VEGF expression and secretion but enhanced TNF-α expression and secretion in concentration- and time-dependent manners. Conclusion Emodin has potentials of anti-proliferation, pro-apoptosis and anti-angiogenesis in human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells, so that emodin could be developed as a new antitumor agent for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) therapy.
Tumor Inhibitory Effect of Angiostatin on C6 Glioma
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Objective To investigate the tumor inhibition effect of angiostatin at different doses on the growth of C6 glioma in vivo and in vitro and to explore the feasibility that it can be a tumor angiogenesis inhibitor. Methods Angiostatin at different doses(100 ng and 1000 ng) was applied to act on the C6 glioma cell lines and tumor models in rat. The cell survival and tumor inhibition rates were calculated respectively. The SABC immunohistochemical technique was applied to detect the glioma microvessel density. Results Angiostatin at different doses had no effect on the growth of C6 cells in vitro,but it inhibited the growth of the gliorma in vivo remarkably, and the efects were at a dose-dependent pattern. The tumor inhibition rate reached 65.3%(P<0.01). Microvessel density of the glioma treated by angiostatin was lower than that of the control group(P<0.01). Conclusion Angiostatin can inhibit the glioma angiogenesis at a dose-dependent pattern. It may be a promising basic study for angiostatin as a tumor angiogenesis inhibitor in glioma treatment.
Effect of Silencing STAT3 by siRNA on Expression of MMP-2 in Esophageal Carcinoma Cell Line EC-1
Abstract:
Objective To explore the effect of silencing STAT3 by siRNA on expression of MMP-2 in Esophageal Carcinoma cell line EC-1 and to observe the effect of STAT3 on the occurrence, development, invasion and metastasis in esophageal carcinoma. Methods Small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting STAT3 was transfected into EC-1 cells. The transfecting efficiency was tested under fluorescence microscope. mRNA and protein levels of STAT3 MMP-2 were evaluated by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot, respectively. Results Both mRNA and protein levels of STAT3 and MMP-2 were down-regulated after the siRNA targeting STAT3 gene were transfected in EC-1 efficiently. Conclusion The siRNA targeting STAT3 gene could efficiently reduce mRNA and protein levels of STAT3 gene and at the same time down-regulated mRNA and protein levels of MMP-2 by attaching to its gene promoter; STAT3 plays an important role on the occurrence, development, invasion and metastasis in esophageal carcinoma and it could become an important gene target in the treatment of esophageal carcinoma.
Effect of Fas,bcl-2 and caspase8 on Norcantharidin Induced Esophageal Cancer Cell Line Eca-109 Apotosis and Molecular Mechanism
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the effect of Fas、bcl-2、caspase 8 on Norcantharidin inhibiting proliferation of Eca-109 cells and inducing its apoptosis and the possible molecule mechanism. Methods The morphology was detected by inverted microscope. The apoptosis and proliferation index of cells were analysed by FCM.The expression of apoptosis associated proteins Fas、bcl-2、caspase8 was measured by immunocytochemical staining. Results The inverted microscope showed that Norcantharidin caused morphological changes of Eca-109 cells. The apoptosis cells were observed on a DNA histogram as subdiploid or pre-G1 peak. The cell cycle distribution changed obviously with treatment of norcantharidin.Immunocytochemical staining showed that the expressions of Fas and caspase 8 protein were induced significantly while the expression of bcl-2 protein was reduced on Eca-109 cells after treated by norcantharidin(P<0.05). Conclusion Norcantharidin may inhibit Eca-109 cell proliferation and induce its apoptosis.The possible mechanism may be related with up-regulating the expressions of Fas、caspase8 and down-regulating the expression of bcl-2 protein.
Effects of Short Harpin in RNA Targeting S100A4 Gene on Proliferation and Migration Potential of MCF-7 Cells in vitro
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Objective To study the effects of short hairpin in RNA(shRNA) targeting S100A4 on the proliferation and migration potential of breast cancer MCF-7 cells. Methods The S100A4-shRNA expression vector was constructed and confirmed by sequencing. Then the plasmid was transfected into MCF-7 cells via lipofectamine TM 2000, and the changes of S100A4 expression were determined using quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot 48 h after transfection. Flow cytometry and MTT assay were performed to assess the effect of the S100A4-shRNA expression vector followed by G418 selection,colon culture.Migration capability of stably transfected MCF-7 cells in vitro was evaluated by using wound assay. Results S100A4-shRNA expression vector was constructed and transfected into MCF-7 cells.48h after transfection, S100A4 mRNA and S100A4 protein level were decreased significantly. The suppression of S100A4 expression by S100A4-shRNA expression vector inhibited the growth of MCF-7 cells and significantly higher apoptosis cell rate was observed in S100A4shRNA expression vector-transfected cells.The morphology of stably transfected MCF-7 cells didn't change, but the potentiality of migration of MCF-7 cells was decreased significantly. Conclusion S100A4-shRNA expression vector can significantly suppress S100A4 expression and inhibit the proliferation while decreasing the migration capability of MCF-7 cells.
Expression and Function of Tumor Antigen MAGE-A4 in Breast Cancer Tissues and Cell Lines
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Objective To examine the expression of MAGE-A4 (melanoma antigen-A4) mRNA in normal and breast cancer tissues and investigate the relationship between MAGE-A4 expression and the clinical and biological parameters and the effect of MAGE-A4 on the proliferation of breast cancer cells. Methods Expression of MAGE-A4 mRNA in 77 cases of normal breast tissues and breast cancer tissues were examined by RT-PCR. The relationship between MAGE-A4 expression and the clinical and biological parameters was analyzed by χ2 test. Colony formation assay was used to examine the effect of MAGE-A4 on the proliferation of breast cancer cells. Results There were no MAGE-A4 mRNA expressions in the 77 normal breast tissues. Thirty-three of 77 cases of breast cancer tissues expressed MAGE-A4 mRNA, with an expression rate of was 42.9%. There was no relationship between MAGE-A4 and tumor size, clinical stage, the type of pathology, histological stage, tumor embolus, ER/PR as well as HER-2 state (P>0.05). However, MAGE-A4 mRNA expression rate was higher in the breast cancer patients more than 60 years old than in the patients less than 60 years old (P<0.05)。MAGE-A4 mRNA was highly expressed in MDA-MB-436 cells, whereas there were no expressions of MAGE-A4 in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells at mRNA level. MAGE-A4 suppressed the colony formation in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells (P<0.05). Conclusion As a tumor specific antigen, MAGE-A4 was expressed in breast cancer tissues, but not in normal breast tissues. MAGE-A4 expression was correlated to patient's age. However, it was not correlated to other clinical and biological parameters. MAGE-A4 transfection into MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells that did not express MAGE-A4 suppressed the colony formation of these cells.
Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinase-24 in Ovarian Serous Cystadenocarcinoma Cell Lines
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Objective To investigate the expression of matrix metralloproteinase-24 (MMP-24) gene and MMP-24 protein in ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma cell lines. Methods The expression of MMP-24 gene and MMP-24 protein of human ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma cell lines HO-8910、OVCa-R3、SKOV3 were analyzed with RT-PCR and Western blot respectivly. Results High levels of MMP-24 gene and MMP-24 protein were observed in ovarian carcinoma cell lines HO-8910、OVCa-R3、SKOV3,which were significantly higher than those in normal ovarian cells. Conclusion The MMP-24 gene possibly have an important association with the occurrence and development in ovarian carcinoma.
Effects of RASSF1A Expression on Chemosensitivity of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell
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Objective To explore the effect of RASSF1A on the chemosensitivity of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell line QGY-7703. Methods The QGY-7703 cells expressing RASSF1A gene (wild type or mutant) stably were used in this study. The cells were treated with the antitumor drugs including Mitomycin, Adriamycin, Etoposide, 5-Fluorouracilur and Cisplatin. Then the rate of cell growth inhibition, changes of cell cycle and expression levels of p53, p21, bax and caspase-3 were measured. Results Expression of wild-type RASSF1A in the QGY-7703 cells could enhance the rate of cell growth inhibition, the percentage of apoptotic cells and caspase-3 activity compared with the cells that express mutant RASSF1A after those cells were treated with Mitomycin(P<0.05). No significant differences of expression levels of the Bax, p53 and p21 protein were observed among those cells. Conclusion Wild-type RASSF1A expression could increase chemosensitivity of QGY-7703 cells to Mitomycin.
Construction and Expression of Recombinant Plasmid pcDNA3.1/DLC-1
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Objective To construct and express the recombinant plasmid of DLC-1(deleted in liver cancer). Methods DLC-1 gene fragment was obtained by PCR. DLC-1DNA fragment was digested with Xba Ⅰ and BamH Ⅰ together, and then ligation reaction to eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1 which was also digested under the same condition. The product of ligation reaction was transformed into Escherichia coli DH5a. Recombinant plasmid pcDNA3.1/DLC-1 was transfected into HT-29 cells with liposome. Then, the product of recombinant plasmid was obtained by RT-PCR. Results Double restriction enzyme digestion and subsequent sequencing of recombinant plasmids confirmed the correctness of the recombinant plasmids. Recombinant plasmid pcDNA3.1/DLC-1 was transfected into HT-29 cells with liposome, and the product of recombinant plasmid was obtained. Conclusion The pcDNA3.1/DLC-1 was expressed in HT-29. This method provides a basis for studying colorectal cancer.
Expression of TGF-β/Smad Signal Transduction Pathway Members and Their Significance in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
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Objective To observe the expression of TGF-β1,TGF-β2, Smad7,key members of TGF-β/Smad signal transduction pathway, and it's downstream transcription factor RUNX3 in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma(NPC), and analyze their internal relationship and their relationship with the clinicopathologic parameters of NPC patients. Methods The protein levels of the key members of TGF-β/Smad signal transduction pathway in 50 nasopharyngeal carcinoma and 20 chronic nasopharyngitis tissues were investigated with immunohistochemical SP method. Results The positive expression rate of TGF-β1、TGF-β2、Smad7 and RUNX3 in 50 nasopharyngeal carcinoma was 42%、70%、40% and 56% respectively, and 0、100%、0、100% in 20 chronic nasopharyngitis tissues. Each of these four factors has statistical difference between the two groups(P<0.05). The expression of TGF-β1 and Smad7 was correlated with tumor's clinical stage and local infiltration or metastasis (P<0.05), however,TGF-β2 and RUNX3 were not(P>0.05). TGF-β1 and Smad7 were positively related(rs=0.6286, P<0.05),and TGF-β2 and RUNX3 too (rs=0.4748, P<0.05). None of these four factors has any correlation the gender, age and histological grades(P>0.05). Conclusion In NPC, TGF-β1 and Smad7 were up-regulated expressed and positively related, and they may take part in the progression and metastasis of the cancer together; oppositely, TGF-β2 and RUNX3 were down-regulated and also positively related, which may be beneficial factors against NPC and had some cooperativeness. The mechanism of their interactions deserves further study.
Expression and Clinical Significance of PTEN,PI3K and Paxillin Proteins in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
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Objective To study the expression of PTEN, PI3K and Paxillin in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)and to investigate the relationship between the expression of PTEN,PI3K and Paxillin and carcinogenesis and progression of esophageal carcinoma and correlation among PTEN,PI3K and Paxillin expression each other . Methods PTEN,PI3K and Paxillin expression were detected in 24 normal esophageal mucosa, 94 ESCC with SP immunohistochemistry method. Results There were significant differences of PTEN,PI3K and Paxillin expressions between esophageal carcinoma and normal mucosa epithelium (all P<0.01). There were significant correlation between PTEN expression and the degrees of differentiation (P<0.05),invasive depth (P<0.05), clinical staging (P<0.05) and the metastasis of lymph node (P<0.01). There were significant correlation between PI3K expression and the degrees of differentiation,invasive depth, clinical staging and the metastasis of lymph node (all P<0.01).The positive expression rate of Paxillin had the relationship with invasive depth, clinical staging and metastasis of lymph node (all P<0.01). There was a negative relationship between PTEN and PI3K or Paxillin expression (P<0.01). A positive correlation was found between the expression of PI3K and Paxillin (P<0.05) . Conclusion PTEN,PI3K and Paxillin play important roles in carcinogenesis and progression of esophageal carcinoma,and can be used as valuable biomakers to evaluate biological characteristics in esophageal carcinoma. PTEN and PI3K may counteract with each other; PI3K and Paxillin may cooperate to promote malignant progress of esophageal carcinoma.
Expression of p-mTOR,GST-π and Ki-67 in Human Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinomas and Their Correlations
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Objective To study the relationship of the expression of p-mTOR,GST-π and Ki-67 and their correlations in esophageal squamous cell carcinomas(ESCC). Methods The expression of p-mTOR,GST-π and Ki-67 was detected by SP immunohistochemical staining in ESCC. Results The positive expression rates of p-mTOR,GST-π and Ki-67 were 20.8%,25%,62.5% in well-differentiated group, 39.1%,45.7%,65.4% in moderately differentiated group and 66.7%,72.2%,94.4% in poorly differentiated group respectively. Significant correlation was found between the expression of p-mTOR and GST-π in ESCC (rs=0.797,P<0.01), while no correlation was detected between p-mTOR and Ki-67(rs=0.126,P>0.05). Conclusion The expressions of p-mTOR, GST-π and Ki-67 correlate significantly with ESCC differentiation.The expression level of GST-π correlates with p-mTOR significantly.Thus the subset of patients with p-mTOR positive may potentially benefit from p-mTOR inhibiting therapy.
Significance of OPN and VEGF Expression in Recurrent and Metastatic Breast Cancer
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Objective To study the expression of OPN and VEGF in breast cancer and to explore the effect of OPN and their unions recurrent and metastatic breast cancer. Methods Forty cases with recurrence or metastasis in 5 years (group A),30 cases without recurrence or metastasis in 5 years (group B),and 10 cases with breast fibroid tumor(group C)and 15 cases normal breast tissue (group D), surgically resected in the department of breast surgery, Xiang ya hospital, from 1996 to 2001, were included in this study. The expressions of OPN and VEGF were studied in four groups with immunohistochemical staining technique. Results (1)The positive expression rate of OPN in breast cancer was 72.86%,which was different from group C and group D (P<0.001).(2)The expressions of OPN and their unions were statistically significant different between group A and B.(3)The expression of OPN and VEGF was direct correlation (P<0.05,r=0.421). Conclusion The positive expression rates of OPN may correlate with the development and prognosis of breast carcinoma. Its expression was positively correlated with VEGF. The patients with OPN and VEGF union expression had the worse prognosis.
Changes of Serum HER-2 Extracellular Domain Levels of Pre- and Post-Surgery and Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer Patients
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Objective To evaluate the clinical implication of variations in serum HER2/neu extracellular domain (ECD) levels before and after treatment of breast cancer patients. Methods Serum HER2/neu extracellular domain (ECD) levels of 59 breast cancer patients before and after surgery or chemotherapy were assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results Significant different HER2 ECD levels were found between breast cancer and healthy women and benign mastopathia(P<0.01). 89.8% ( 53/59 ) of 59 breast cancer patients and 69.7% ( 23/33) of 33 benign mastopathia patients with decreasing levels of serum HER2/neu ECD after surgery showed difference between the two groups(P<0.05).100.0%(8/8)of patients with increasing levels of HER2 ECD (8/59)and 74.51%(38/51)of patients with non-increasing levels of HER2 ECD (51/59)responded to chemotherapy(P>0.05), showing no difference between the two groups. Conclusion Kinetic monitoring of the changes of serum HER-2/neu ECD levels in breast cancer patients may represent a valuable tool for evaluating clinical response to surgery and chemotherapy.
Application of Combination of Double-labelling with Immunohistochemistry and Laser Capture Microdissection in Hodgkin's Lymphoma
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Objective To evaluate the Application of detecting Hodgkin's Lymphoma(HL) tumor cell and background cell with the combination of double-labeling with immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Later Capture microdissection (LCM). Methods This study includes 10 patients with HL diagnosed,tissue biopsy sample were fixed 10% formalin, paraffin-embedded, adopted different methods of antigen retrieval. The same sample were labeled with double labeling with IHC(CD20/CD45RO,CD30), then single tumor cell and background cell can get through LCM. Results In 10 cases of HL,tumor cells and background cells were detected with the combination of double labeling and LCM, they might show different color. The expression of tumor cell was CD30-postive with brown-yellow on cell membrane, and background cells were CD20-positive with red on cell membrane. Conclusion We can tell single tumor cells and background cell with double labeling and LCM, thus double labeling might play distinguish between different cells in HL.
Relationship between Expressions of VEGF,MMP-9,COX-2 and Lymph Node Metastasis and Angiogenesis in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
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Objective To explore the expressions of vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF),cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2),matrix metalloproteinase(MMP-9) in papillary thyroid carcinoma tissue and their associations with lymph node metastases. Methods The expressions of VEGF,MMP-9,COX-2 and CD34 were examined in 74 cases of papillary thyroid carcinoma including 39 cases with lymph node metastasis and 35 cases without lymph node metastasis with immunohistochemistry. Results The expressions of VEGF,MMP-9,COX-2 and MVD in lymph node metastasis group were significantly higher than those in no lymph node metastasis group (P<0.05), and their expressions were positively correlated with the lymph node metastasis of PTC; the expressions of VEGF,MMP-9,COX-2 were correlated with the average of MVD (P<0.05); the expressions of VEGF,MMP-9 correlated with size of tumor (P<0.05). Conclusion The expressions of VEGF,MMP-9 and COX-2 are strongly associated with lymph node metastasis and MVD of papillary thyroid carcinoma. These proteins are potential indicators of metastasis and predictors for prognosis of PTC.
Comparison of Conventional and 3-dimensional Conformal Radiotherapy for Mediastinal Metastasis from Esophageal Carcinoma after Surgery
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Objective To evaluate the effect of different radiotherapy methods for mediastinal metastasis from esophageal carcinoma after surgery. Methods From January 1998 to December 2005, 145 cases treated with irradiation were classified into group A (conventional radiotherapy), group B (three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy) and group C (semi-conformal radiotherapy). Results (1) The difference of age constituent ratio between group B and group C was significant (P=0.044). (2) The local control rates of group A, B and C were 63.8%,89.6% and 77.4%, respectively. The local control rate of group A was lower than that of group B (P=0.001). (3) The 1, 2, 3-year survival rates of group A, B and C were 55.6%,21.5%,12.0%,40.8%,17.3%,12.6% and 48.4%,25.8% and 16.1%, respectively. The difference of 1, 2 and 3-year survival rates of group A, B and C was not significant (P=0.575). (4) The rates of side-effect of radiation were 16.6%(24/145)to grade 1, 51.0%(74/145) to grade 2 and 32.4%(47/145)to grade 3, respectively. The difference of that of group A, B and C was not statistically significant (P=0.483). Conclusion Three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy can markedly improve the local control rate, but has not significantly improved the survival rate and descending the side-effect rate of patients with mediastinal metastasis from esophageal carcinoma after surgery.
Prospective Clinical Comparison of Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy or Radiotherapy Alone for Patients with N1 Esophageal Carcinoma
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Objective To compare the survival and toxicities of concurrent chemoradiotherapy or radiotherapy alone in patients with N1 esophageal carcinoma. Methods From August 2002 to August 2005, 130 eligible patients with N1 esophageal carcinoma were randomly divided into the following groups: sixty-five patients for concurrent chemoradiotherapy group, sixty-five patients for radiotherapy alone. The schedules of radiotherapy were the same, with 3-DCRT with conventional fractionation , total dose 64~66Gy. The regiment of chemotherapy were all consisted of NDP and 5-Fu, 4 cycles . Results The survival rates at 1-、2- and 3-years were 72.3%,55.3% and 40% in the concurrent chemoradiotherapy group,while the numbers were 75.3%,38.5% and 18.5% in the radiotherapy alone group (P =0.007).The patients in concurrent chemoradiotherapy group who completed 1~2 cycles and 3~ 4 cycles the survival rates at 1-,2- and 3-years were 70%,53.3%,30% and 74.2%,57.1%,48.6% (P=0.128),respectively; 3-year distant metastasis rates were 10.7% in concurrent chemoradiotherapy group, and 16.9% in radiotherapy alone group (P=0.31),respectively.Acute toxicity in concurrent chemoradiotherapy group was higher than radiotherapy alone group,and later toxicity were similar in two group. Conclusion Concurrent chemoradiotherapy increased severity acute toxicity, and could increase survival rate compared with radiotherapy alone in patient with N1 esophageal carcinoma, and the patients who completed 3~4 cycles seemed better than those completed 1~2 cycles.
Postoperative Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy for 30 Cases with Malignant Gliomas
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Objective To analyze the outcome of intensity modulated radiation therapy(IMRT). Methods Thirty patients with malignant gliomas were received postoperative intensity modulated radiation therapy,the 90%~95% isodose curve include planning target volume(PTV).The prescription dose was (58~70) Gy/(28~33) f to GTV(gross target volume),(56~66) Gy/(28~33) f to CTV (clinical target volume),(50.4~60) Gy/(28~33) f to PTV,1 f/d,5 f/w. Results The complete response (CR) rate was 23.3%(7/30),the partial response (PR) was 66.7%(20/30),stable disease(SD) was 10%(3/30).The 1-year,2-year and 3-year survival rates were 93.3%,76.7%,60% respectively.The 1-year,2-year and 3-year survival rates were 100%,94.1%,76.5% for grade Ⅰ~Ⅱ,and 84.6%,53.8%,38.5% for grade Ⅲ~Ⅳ respectively.There was significant difference (P=0.0153).All patients showed well toleration in this treatment scheme.The main side effects were intracranial hypertension,cerebral edema. Conclusion IMRT is an effective and safe treatment in the patients with malignant gliomas.
Effect and Clinical Significance of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy on Expression of ER,PR and EphA2 in Breast Cancer
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Objective To study the influence of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on expression of ER、PR and EphA2 in breast cancer and their clinical significance. Methods The expressions of ER、PR and EphA2 of 52 patients with breast cancer were investigated by SP immunohistochemical method before and after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy. Results The expressions of ER、PR and EphA2 were significantly related to treatment response (P<0.05).The positive expression rate of EphA2 after neoadjuvant chemotherapy was significantly lower than that before the treatment(P<0.05),but the difference of ER,PR before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy were insignificant(P>0.05). Conclusion Neoadjuvant chemotherapy could inhibit tumor proliferation and induce tumor cell apoptosis,and significantly decrease the expression of EphA2,but it could not reduce the expression of ER and PR significantly.
Clinical Observation of Erlotinib in Treatment of Patients with Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
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Objective To evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of erlotinib in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods Thirty-two patients with NSCLC failed prior chemotherapy and radiotherapy were applied.Prior to erlotinib therapy,26 patients were in stage Ⅳ,6 patients in stage ⅢB.Erlotinib was administered orally at 150 mg,once a day until cancer progressed or severe toxicity occured. Results Among the 32 patients,1 patient got complete response (CR),9 partial response (PR),13 stable disease(SD),and 9 progression disease(PD).The total response rate was 31.3% and disease control rate including both tumor response and stable disease was 71.9 %.The median survival time was 7.8 months.The l year survival rate was 45.3%.The main toxicity of erlotinib was skin toxicity (rash) and diarrha with no need for further treatment. Conclusion Erlotinib is effective and tolerable for the patients with NSCLC who failed prior chemotherapy and radiotherapy.