Abstract: Objective To investigate the association between HLA-E gene polymorphisms and genetic susceptibility of female breast carcinoma in Han Nationality in Zhangjiakou, China. Methods HLA-E typing was performed for 200 breast cancer patients and 114 healthy controls from Zhangjiakou area by polymerase chain reaction-sequence-specific priming (PCR-SSP). Results Two alleles of HLA-E could be detected, HLA-E*0101 and HLA-E*0103; simultaneously three genotypes were detected, namely HLA-E*0101/0101, HLA-E*0101/0103 and HLA-E*0103/0103. The frequencies of HLA-E*0103 allele and HLA-E*0103/HLA-E*0103 genotype were significant different between healthy controls and breast cancer patients(P＜0.01). The risk of breast cancer was significantly increased in HLA-E*0103/ HLA-E*0103 genotype(OR=2.05, P=0.004). Conclusion HLA-E gene polymorphisms are associated with the development of female breast cancer of the Han in Zhangjiakou, China; moreover, HLA-E*0103/ HLA-E*0103 genotype is probably the susceptible genotype.