| Citation: |
XING Siyuan, FAN Qingxia, SHAN Zhengzheng, MENG Xiangrui, WANG Feng. Exploration of Immune Tolerance and Treatment for Esophageal Cancer[J]. Cancer Research on Prevention and Treatment, 2023, 50(12): 1174-1179. DOI: 10.3971/j.issn.1000-8578.2023.23.0790
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Monoclonal antibody drugs that inhibit programmed death 1 (PD-1) or programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) have been widely used in esophageal cancer (EC) and yielded significant therapeutic responses. However, only a few patients obtain lasting clinical benefits due to primary or acquired drug resistance, and new treatment schemes are urgently needed. The tumor immune microenvironment is the main factor that affects patients' response to immunosuppressive agents. This article will discuss the role of immunosuppressive cells and non-cellular components in the immune process to provide ideas for the next research direction of EC.
Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
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