Abstract: The levels of serum soluble interleukin～2 receptor (sIL～2R) and CA125 in36 patients with ovarian cancer, 34 ones with benign gynecological tumor and 31 blooddonors were measured by ELISA and RIA,respectively.Compared to those of benign andnormal controls, serum levels of sIL～2R and CA125 in patients with ovarian cancer elevated significantly (P<0.01).Sensitivity and specificity of Serum sIL～2R were 77.8%and 76.5% respectively.Those of CA125 were 83.3% and 73.5%,sensitivity of CA125 forovarian epithelial cancer was 90.4%.Sensitivity and specificity of combination of SerumsIL ～2R and CA125 were 57.4% and 94.7%, respectively.We concluded that serum sIL～2Rand CA125 alone might not be applied to identify and screen for ovarian cancer.Measurement of sll～2R combined with CA125 could significantly increase the specificity anddecrease false positive rate, therefore,it was helpful for the surgeon to draw up the furthertherapeutic program before operation and could raise the possibility of success.