Abstract: Objective 　To evaluate the efficiency and feasibility of combination chemotherapy with docetax2 el ( TXT) plus PF regimen in the t reatment of advanced esophageal cancer. Methods 　Sixty patient s with advanced esophageal cancer were enrolled and randomly divided into t reatment group (32 cases) and con2 t rol group (28 cases) . Treatment group : TXT 75mg/ m2, on d1, Cisplatin 35mg/ m2, on d1～2, CF 0. 2 g, on d1～5, and 52Fu 2. 5g/ m2 continuous infusion in 120 hours, with 21 days one cycle for 2 cycles at least ; Cont rol group : Cisplatin, 52fluorouracil, CF, the same to t reatment group but with no use of TXT, with 21 days one cycle for 2 cycles at least . Results 　The CR rate of t reatment group was 6. 25 % and RR rate was 71. 9 % with 3. 57 % and 42. 9 % respect in the cont rol group. The CR rate improved but with no significant difference ( P > 0. 05), and RR rate showed significant difference ( P = 0. 044) . Within t reat2 ment group, the newly diagnosed subgroup got a RR rate of 73. 6 %, showing no significant difference with 69. 2 % of ret reated patient s. The leukopenia incidence of t reatment group was a little higher ( P >0. 05), but the incidence of hair loss was significantly higher ( P = 0. 000) . Conclusion 　Docetaxel ( TXT) combined with PF can improve the RR rate of advanced esophageal cancer markedly with tolerated toxici2 ty.