Abstract: In recent years, immunotherapy has made breakthrough progress in the treatment of multiple malignancies, which has brought significant survival benefits to cancer patients. However, while the immune system recognizes and kills tumor cells, there is immune editing induction, which leads to the innate or acquired resistance of most patients to immunotherapy. Tumor immunological editing is a process in which the immune system inhibits and promotes the development of tumors. The occurrence and development of tumors have gone through three phases: immune elimination, immune balance and immune escape. In the whole process, the immunogenicity of tumor has been edited, and various immunosuppressive mechanisms have been obtained to make the disease progress, which made tumor cells escape from the monitoring of the immune system, leading to the immune escape of tumor cells producing immunotherapy resistance. Therefore, it is important to reveal the mechanism of tumor immunotherapy resistance and how to overcome resistance. In this paper, the mechanism behind the editing process of tumor immunity is discussed in detail to provide references for overcoming immune resistance in clinical practice and achieving better efficacy.