Abstract: Breast conserving surgery (BCS) is the embodiment of multidisciplinary treatment of breast cancer. BCS combined with postoperative radiotherapy can achieve the same survival outcome as radical surgery in breast cancer patients. It has good cosmetic effect at the same time, so patients with BCS have higher quality of life. Choosing appropriate early breast cancer patients to receive BCS is a safe, feasible and recommended treatment strategy. Clinicians need to have a clear grasp of indications and contraindications for BCS, understand the methods and standards of pathological margin assessment and master unique operative techniques, so as to improve the operate rate and success rate of breast conserving in China.