Abstract: In recent years, the immune checkpoint blocking agents have shown clinical responses across a broad spectrum of both solid and hematologic malignancies. However, the targeted treatment agents for the patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are limited to sorafenib. With the FDA continuously passed through two PD-1/PD-L1 pathway inhibitors in 2014, the researchers wonder whether they would have gained better anticancer effect as a potential novel treatment way for patients with HCC. Currently, the programmed cell death protein (PD-1) and its ligand 1(PD-L1), cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) and other molecule blockers were applied in liver cancer research. Among them, Nivolumab and Tremelimumab have made significant progress in the initially clinical trials of HCC, which has a good prospect.