Abstract: In recent years, the total 5-year survival rate of the patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unsatisfactory, though there are some recent advances in the survival rate of the patients with NSCLC because of the advances in surgery, irradiation, chemotherapy and targeted therapy. The immunotherapy which utilizes the immune system to control, kill and eradicate cancer cell is a viable treatment approach for cancer. Recent advances in our understanding of cancer immunology and molecular biology resulted in the development of non-antigen specific immunotherapy, for example, monoclonal antibodies targeting immune checkpoints on the T-cell lymphocyte. Not only non-antigen specific immunotherapy, but also the antigen specific immunotherapy or vaccination have made great progress. This makes them become promising therapeutic agents. Herein, we review the recent progress and advances of tumor vaccine from randomized controlled trials.