Abstract: In current, lung cancer is one of the world’s malignant tumors with highest morbidity and mortality. Squamous cell lung cancer, ranks only second to adenocarcinoma, is the most common histological subtype in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC). Compared with lung adenocarcinoma, the progress of targeted treatment of squamous cell lung cancer has lagged behind. Aberrant signaling by fibroblast growth factors(FGFs) and fibroblast growth factor receptors(FGFRs) has been implicated in several human cancers, particularly in squamous cell lung cancer. FGFR gene amplifications, somatic missense mutations, chromosomal translocations are the most common mechanisms to induce aberrant activation of this pathway. Therefore, this pathway can be considered as a new approach for targeted therapy. This review summarizes the current knowledge about FGFR alterations in NSCLC and the relative inhibitors, particularly in squamous cell lung cancer.