Abstract: Objective To compare the curative effect of amputation of the toe or amputation with extended resection on the surgical treatment of primary melanoma. Methods Twenty-nine patients were treated with surgical treatment.Fifteen of the patients defined as group of amputation， were treated with amputation of the toe or amputation， and the others defined as the control group were treated with extended resection and flap replacement or dissociate plant skin.ResultAll patients were followed up for 30~60 months with an average of 42 months. There were 2 cases recurred in amputation group， 5 cases did in control group. The 5-year survival rate of amputation group and control group was 62.5% and 57.1% respectively， and there was no difference in Log-rank survival curve. Conclusion Compared with extended resection， amputation of the toe or amputation could decrease the local recurrence of primary melanoma. While there were no differences in the 5-year survival rate and survival time between these two groups.