Abstract: Objective To observe the effect of Rosiglitazone on the expression of PDGF-B，α-SMA in HSC cultured under carcinous condition. Methods HSC were at first exposed to 24h conditioned medium from HepG2 (1∶1 and 1∶2 dilution) and then treated with Rosiglitazone (15μmol/L)，expression levels of PDGF-B，α-SMA in HSC was checked by IHC. Control group，only Rosiglitazone treatment group and only conditioned medium treatment group were also arranged. Results HSC were at first exposed to 24h conditioned medium from HepG2 and then treated with Rosiglitazone (15μmol/L)，expression of α-SMA(0.2767±0.03692，0.2736±0.0418)，PDGF-B(0.2542±0.03917，0.2401±0.01941) in HSC was decreased significantly(P<0.05) compared with that in the control group(0.2863±0.03507，0.3150±0.03435 ) and only conditioned medium treatment group(0.3753±0.07636，0.3512±0.0345). Conclusion Rosiglitazone could inhibit the activation and expression of PDGF and α-SMA in HSC cultured under carcinous condition.