Abstract: Objective To investigate the role of SHP-1 and SOCS3 in leukemia and the effects on clinical prognosis. To furtherly clarify the effects of SHP-1 and SOCS3 gene on cell proliferation signal pathway. Methods We used FQ-PCR and RT-PCR to detect the mRNA level of SHP-1 and SOCS3 in AL patients and normal control respectively. Results ① The expression of SHP-1 mRNA in NC was positive（3.413±2.018） and it was significant lower in de novo AL than NC group (P＜0.01). CR was achieved and decreased again after the disease replased. The expression of SHP-1 in AML was significantly different with ALL(P＜0.001). ② The mRNA level of SOCS3 in de novo and relapsed AL was obviously higher than that of normal control(P＜0.05)，and there was no significant defference between CR group and NC group(P＞0.05). ③ The complete remission in SHP-1 positive patients（76.4%） was dramatically higher than those with negative SHP-1 expression(P＜0.01). Conclusion The SHP-1 and SOCS3 both effect on the leukemia, but the mechanism is different. SHP-1 is related with the prognosis of leukemia.