Abstract: Objective To evaluate the treatment and Prognosis of the Patients with esophageal Carcinoma with neuroendocrine differntion complicated diabetes mellitus. Methods From Jan.1992 to Cot.1997,20Cases of esophageal carcinoma complicated diabetes mellitus were treated.Diagnoses were to confirmed by endoscopy.biopsies,immunohistochemistry and glycermia test.They are small cell carcinoma (6 cases),Poorly,moderately and highly differentiated squmous cell carcinema (8cases, 5cases,1cases).All patients received chemotherapy and external radiation. Results The follow-up time ranged from 6to 36 months.The l-year、2-year and 3-year surivival rates was 15%、10% and 5%，respectively. Conclusion The Prognosis of esophageal carcinoma with neuroendocrine differention complicated diabetes is inferior to esophageal carcinoma without diabetes mellitus.Further study should be carried out.