Abstract: At present, immunotherapy is in full swing in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, melanoma, bladder cancer and other tumor species, and its treatment methods are also diverse, including tumor vaccine treatment, adoptive T cell therapy, immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment, etc, but current immunotherapy for colorectal cancer mainly focuses on immune checkpoint inhibitors (PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 inhibitors). Since PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors have shown amazing efficacy in patients with dMMR/MSI-H advanced colorectal cancer, immune checkpoint inhibitors have gained more and more attention in the field of colorectal cancer, and the treatment options have gradually shifted from late line treatment to first-line treatment or neoadjuvant therapy, and have achieved success. This paper summarizes the research progress of immune checkpoint therapy on colorectal cancer.