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妇幼保健机构HPV男女共防一体化门诊建设与管理专家共识(2026版)

Expert Consensus on Establishment and Management of Integrated Clinics for HPV Prevention and Control in Both Sexes in Maternal and Child Health Institutions (2026 Edition)

  • 摘要: 人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染是引发子宫颈癌的主要病因,也是导致生殖器疣、肛门癌、口咽癌、阴茎癌等疾病的重要危险因素。HPV综合防控已成为全人群公共卫生的重点任务。我国既往子宫颈癌防控体系存在服务衔接不畅、环节碎片化等问题,且长期聚焦于女性群体,男性HPV相关疾病防控相对薄弱,导致防控链条中存在明显的性别缺口。中国妇幼保健协会妇科肿瘤防治专业委员会组织相关领域专家,整合国内外最新证据与实践经验,立足妇幼保健机构功能定位与专科优势,明确现阶段“男女共防、分阶施治”的整合策略:为女性提供疫苗接种、筛查、诊断、治疗与全程随访一体化闭环服务;对男性则聚焦于健康教育、疫苗接种及高风险人群的风险评估与精准筛查,对筛查异常或确诊病例规范转诊至肛肠外科、泌尿外科、皮肤科等专科或综合性医院接受治疗。本共识重点阐述HPV男女共防一体化门诊的建设标准、服务流程与管理机制,细化女性子宫颈癌筛查诊疗优化路径、男性HPV相关疾病筛查与转诊规范,旨在为各级妇幼保健机构完善全周期防控链条、推进两性协同防控提供实践指引,助力实现HPV相关疾病消除目标。

     

    Abstract: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the leading cause of cervical cancer and an important risk factor for genital warts, anal cancer, oropharyngeal cancer, penile cancer, and other diseases. Comprehensive HPV prevention and control has become a public health priority for the whole population. Previous cervical cancer prevention and control systems in China have faced challenges such as poor service coordination and fragmented care processes, predominantly targeting the female demographic. The prevention and management of HPV-related diseases in male have been relatively deficient, resulting in a significant gender gap in the prevention continuum. The Gynaecological Tumor Prevention and Treatment Professional Committee of the Chinese Maternal and Child Health Association organized experts in relevant fields to integrate the latest domestic and international evidence and practical insights, grounded in the functional roles and specialized strengths of maternal and child health institutions, and defined the current integrated strategy of "gender-shared prevention and stage-specific management." Under this strategy, women receive comprehensive closed-loop services covering vaccination, screening, diagnosis, treatment, and whole-process follow-up, whereas men focus on health education, vaccination, and targeted screening and risk assessment for high-risk populations; those with abnormal screening findings or confirmed diagnoses are referred in a standardized manner to specialized departments, such as anorectal surgery, urology, or dermatology, or to general hospitals. This consensus focuses on the construction standards, service processes, and management mechanisms of integrated clinics for HPV prevention and control in both sexes in maternal and child health institutions and refines the optimized pathways for cervical cancer screening, diagnosis, and treatment in females, as well as the standards for HPV-related disease screening and referral in males. It aims to provide practical guidance for maternal and child health institutions at all levels to improve the whole-cycle prevention chain, promote gender-coordinated prevention and control, and accelerate progress toward the elimination of HPV-related disease.

     

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